Final answer:
Thomas Paine's Common Sense criticizes the British government's inability to secure a prosperous future for colonial posterity, implying a need for a new government aligned with the Enlightenment principles of Life, Liberty, and Happiness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thomas Paine's Common Sense asserts that the government of Great Britain will bequeath nothing lasting to the colonists, illustrating a belief that the governance in place was temporary and incapable of securing a prosperous future for coming generations. He suggests that the posterity will inherit nothing of value from this form of government. Paine's writings, alongside the Declaration of Independence, argue that when a government fails to secure the unalienable rights of Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness, it is the right of the people to establish a new government. These views were fundamental to the American Revolution and the eventual establishment of a government based on Enlightenment principles.