Answer:
A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographically referenced data. GIS integrates various technologies such as hardware, software, and data to provide useful and meaningful information that helps in decision-making and problem-solving related to location-based questions.
The functions of GIS include:
Data input: GIS captures spatial and non-spatial data from various sources such as satellite images, maps, GPS, and surveys.
Data management: GIS organizes and manages the data collected from various sources, ensuring that it is accurate, complete, and up-to-date.
Data analysis: GIS enables data analysis using various spatial analysis tools, such as buffering, overlaying, and proximity analysis, to help understand spatial relationships and patterns.
Data visualization: GIS creates visual representations of data in the form of maps, graphs, charts, and tables, making it easier to understand and interpret.
Data output: GIS produces reports and maps in various formats, including digital and print, to communicate the results of the analysis to decision-makers.
Spatial modeling: GIS uses spatial modeling tools to simulate real-world processes, such as urban growth, natural disasters, and environmental impacts, to predict outcomes and support decision-making.
Web-based GIS: GIS can be integrated into web-based applications, providing access to spatial data and analysis tools via the internet.
GIS is used in various fields, including environmental management, urban planning, transportation, public health, natural resource management, and many others, to analyze and solve complex spatial problems.
Step-by-step explanation: