Final answer:
option C. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an exception when considering the definition of a democracy, as it is a monarchy where the king has significant control, and leaders are not chosen through free and fair elections by the populace.
Step-by-step explanation:
By definition, a democracy is a form of government where people have the power to choose their leaders through free and fair elections. All the options provided except for one are considered democracies. Specifically,
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan holds elections for its leaders,
The Federal Republic of Somalia similarly engages in democratic elections,
The United Kingdom operates as a parliamentary democracy with elections to choose representatives,
However, the exception among these is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a monarchy where the king holds a significant amount of the governmental authority and leaders are not chosen through free and fair elections open to the entire populace. Therefore, using the definition of democracy as a system in which leaders are chosen by voting in free and fair elections, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not qualify as a democracy.