Step-by-step explanation
n :In atrial fibrillation, the electrical impulses in the atria become disorganized, resulting in an irregular heartbeat. As a result, the P wave of the ECG tracing is often affected in atrial fibrillation.
The P wave represents the electrical activity associated with the depolarization (contraction) of the atria. In normal sinus rhythm, the P wave is smooth and upright, and it precedes the QRS complex (which represents the depolarization of the ventricles). However, in atrial fibrillation, the P wave may be absent, or it may be replaced by rapid, irregular, and often undulating waves that are referred to as fibrillatory waves.
This is because in atrial fibrillation, the atria are no longer contracting in a coordinated manner, and instead, multiple foci of electrical activity within the atria are generating impulses that are competing with each other to control the heart rate. As a result, the atria are no longer depolarizing in a synchronized fashion, which results in the irregular and disorganized pattern of the fibrillatory waves that are seen on the ECG tracing.