The commonly used word for the "necessary and proper" powers of Congress is c) Implied power.
The "necessary and proper" powers of Congress are also known as the "implied powers" of Congress because they are not explicitly stated in the Constitution, but rather are implied by the necessary and proper clause of Article I, Section 8. This clause, also known as the elastic clause, gives Congress the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the enumerated powers of Congress.