Besides the spectrum of colors, all electromagnetic waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and energy.
These three properties are interrelated and describe different aspects of the wave.
Wavelength refers to the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of the wave and is usually measured in meters, nanometers, or other units of length. Frequency refers to the number of waves that pass through a given point in one second and is usually measured in Hertz (Hz), or cycles per second. Energy refers to the amount of energy carried by the wave and is directly proportional to its frequency. The higher the frequency, the greater the energy carried by the wave.