There are several ways that countries can apply pressure to foreign governments. Some common methods include economic sanctions, diplomatic isolation, military action, and covert operations. Economic sanctions involve cutting off trade, investment, or financial transactions with a targeted country. Diplomatic isolation involves cutting off diplomatic relations and isolating a country from the international community. Military action involves using military force to achieve political objectives, such as regime change. Covert operations involve secret intelligence gathering or covert action to undermine a foreign government. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and countries will often use a combination of methods to apply pressure to foreign governments.