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John D. Rockefeller was a 19th century American industrialist, investor, and philanthropist who became one of the wealthiest people in history. Born in 1839 in Richford, New York, Rockefeller grew up in a poor family, but he quickly showed an aptitude for business and entrepreneurship. By the time he was in his mid-20s, he had already started his own business, a commodities brokerage that would eventually become the foundation of his vast oil empire.
Rockefeller's rise to prominence came during the heyday of the Industrial Revolution, a period of rapid industrialization and economic growth in the United States. As the country's economy expanded, so did Rockefeller's business interests, and he quickly became a dominant force in the oil industry. His company, Standard Oil, was the largest oil refiner in the world, controlling nearly 90 percent of the oil refining capacity in the United States at its peak.
Rockefeller's success was due in part to his aggressive business tactics, which included using his immense wealth and power to buy up smaller competitors and drive them out of business. He also pioneered new methods of production and distribution, such as the use of pipelines to transport oil and the creation of a nationwide network of service stations.
Despite his ruthless business practices, Rockefeller was also known for his philanthropy. He believed that the wealthy had a responsibility to use their resources to benefit society, and he donated millions of dollars to various causes, including education, medical research, and the arts. In 1913, he founded the Rockefeller Foundation, a philanthropic organization that has since disbursed billions of dollars in grants to support scientific research, public health, and social welfare programs around the world.
Rockefeller's legacy is complex and controversial. While he is widely recognized as one of the most successful businessmen in history, he is also often criticized for his monopolistic practices and his role in shaping the modern capitalist economy. Nonetheless, his impact on American industry and philanthropy cannot be denied, and his name remains synonymous with both the power and the generosity of the American elite.
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