In the 19th century, Japan faced increasing pressure and demands from Western powers to trade and open up to foreign influence. In order to resist this pressure and maintain their independence, the Japanese decided to undertake a series of modernizing reforms and changes known as the Meiji Restoration.
The Meiji Restoration included a range of political, economic, and social reforms aimed at modernizing Japan and strengthening its military and economy. Some of the key measures undertaken during this period included the abolition of feudalism, the introduction of a modern centralized government, the establishment of a national education system, the building of a modern industrial and transportation infrastructure, and the development of a modern military with Western-style weapons and tactics.
By undertaking these reforms, Japan aimed to strengthen its own power and independence, and to become a strong and respected player on the world stage. Over time, Japan emerged as a major economic and military power, and played a significant role in shaping the history of the 20th century.