Answer:
Okay, based on the provided options and information about heat and work affecting molecular motion, the choice that would cause the greatest decrease in molecular motion is:
B. The system absorbs 100 J of heat and has 100 J of work done to
it.
Here is the reasoning for why this would cause the largest decrease in molecular motion:
Heat absorption reduces molecular motion. When a system absorbs heat, the energy is used to reduce the total heat energy and speed of molecules in the system. This decreases their motion and random kinetic energy.
Doing work on a system also reduces molecular motion. When external work is done on a system, it requires energy that comes from the molecular motion and heat within the system. This decreases the available energy and speed of molecules, slowing their motion.
A combined effect would further decrease motion. Absorbing heat reduces motion, and doing work on a system also reduces motion. An interaction where the system both absorbs heat and has work done to it would have a combined, even greater effect on decreasing molecular motion.
In contrast, the other options would either increase, decrease, or have an unknown effect on molecular motion:
A. Releasing heat and doing work could either increase or decrease motion, depending on the relative amounts. The net effect is unknown.
C. Releasing heat would increase molecular motion while doing work decreases it. The combined impact depends on the relative amounts.
D. Releasing heat increases molecular motion while doing work on the system decreases it. The overall effect depends on the relative contributions.
Therefore, option B is the choice that definitively specifies the conditions that would have the greatest decreasing impact on molecular motion in the system.
Let me know if this explanation makes sense or if you have any other questions! I can also provide different examples or re-explain anything that would be helpful.
Please select choice B as the situation that would cause the greatest decrease in molecular motion.
Let me know if you have any other questions!
Step-by-step explanation: