Pakistan did not support the Taliban during the Cold War, but it did provide support to mujahideen groups that were fighting against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan during the 1980s. The support provided by Pakistan and other countries to the mujahideen had both short-term and long-term ramifications.
In the short term, the support provided by Pakistan and other countries helped the mujahideen to inflict significant losses on the Soviet Union and its Afghan allies, ultimately leading to the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan in 1989.
However, in the long term, the support for the mujahideen had unintended consequences, including the rise of extremist groups like the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. The Taliban emerged in the 1990s as a powerful force that was able to take control of Afghanistan and establish a repressive regime. Al-Qaeda, which had originally been formed to fight the Soviet Union in Afghanistan, later became a global terrorist organization that carried out attacks against the United States and other countries.
Pakistan's support for the mujahideen also had domestic ramifications. The influx of weapons and fighters into Pakistan helped to fuel sectarian and ethnic conflicts within the country, and some of the mujahideen fighters who had received training and support from Pakistan went on to become leaders of extremist groups that continue to pose a threat to Pakistan today.