Final answer:
Herbert Boyer combined genes from two viruses to create the first recombinant DNA which led to the foundation for the first GMO experiments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is b. Herbert Boyer.
Herbert Boyer, along with Stanley Cohen, combined genes from two viruses to create the first recombinant DNA which laid the foundation for the first GMO experiments. They successfully cloned genes from the African clawed frog into a bacterial plasmid and introduced it into Escherichia coli, a bacterial host.
SEO keywords: Herbert Boyer, Stanley Cohen, recombinant DNA, GMO experiments, cloning, African clawed frog, bacterial plasmid, Escherichia coli.