Answer:
2. Mexican movements for workers' rights and social justice confronted US imperialism and xenophobia in several ways. Mexican workers were often exploited and paid low wages in the US, leading to labor strikes and protests. For example, in the 1917 Bisbee Deportation, over 1,000 Mexican workers were forcibly removed from their homes and deported to Mexico as a response to a labor strike. Additionally, Mexican-American activists and organizations. such as the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) and the Mexican American Political Association (MAPA), fought against discrimination and segregation in education and housing. These movements challenged the dominant narrative of US imperialism and xenophobia by asserting the rights and dignity of Mexican workers and communities.
3. The Mexican Revolution lasting from 1910 to 1920 affected life in Mexico and the US. In Mexico, the revolution caused the overthrow of the long-standing dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz and the establishment of a new constitution. This constitution promised land reform, workers' rights, and greater political participation for all Mexicans. The revolution also sparked a wave of cultural and artistic expression, such as the murals of Diego Rivera and the poetry of Octavio Paz.
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In the US, the Mexican Revolution undermined Mexican life. Many Mexicans fled to the US to escape the violence and instability in Mexico, leading to a large influx of Mexican immigrants. These immigrants faced discrimination and prejudice. They also formed vibrant communities and contributed to the growth and development of US society.
From 1900 to 1920, Mexican immigrants were primarily agricultural workers. They were often subjected to harsh working conditions and low wages. However, they also established their own communities and cultural institutions, such as Spanish-language newspapers and clubs. Mexican immigrants also influenced the growth of the railroad industry by building and maintaining the expanding rail network in the US.
4. World War I affected Mexicans in the US. The US government suspected and feared Mexicans, subjecting them to deportation or internment. The government also seized many Mexican-American families' property, accusing them of being disloyal to the US. However, many Mexicans also participated in the war effort, serving in the US military and contributing to the war effort as laborers.
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Commercial cotton agriculture in the US drove demand for Mexican labor, particularly in the southwestern states. As the US expanded its cotton production, it needed more workers to pick and process the cotton. Mexican workers were recruited to fill this demand. They posses superior agricultural knowledge and provide cheaper labor than other laborers. This led to a large influx of Mexican immigrants into the US, particularly in states like Texas, Arizona, and California.
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