The G20 summit is an annual international meeting of leaders from the world's 20 largest economies, including the European Union. It was established in 1999, in response to the financial crises of the late 1990s, as a forum for international economic cooperation and policy coordination.
The G20 members represent around 80% of global GDP, 75% of international trade, and two-thirds of the world's population. The group includes Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union.
The G20 summit is typically held annually, with the host country rotating among the member states. The summit provides a platform for leaders to discuss and coordinate on global economic issues, such as trade, investment, finance, and development.
In addition to the leaders' summit, there are several working groups and committees that meet throughout the year to prepare for the summit and provide ongoing policy guidance. These groups cover a range of topics, including finance, trade, employment, energy, and agriculture.
The G20 has played a significant role in shaping global economic policy over the past two decades, particularly in response to the 2008 financial crisis. The group's efforts have included coordinated fiscal and monetary policies, financial regulation reform, and support for developing countries.
However, the G20 has faced criticism for its limited representation of developing countries and its inability to address some of the world's most pressing challenges, such as climate change and inequality. Despite these challenges, the G20 remains an important platform for international cooperation and economic policy coordination.