Final answer:
The 'Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle' and 'Adventure of the Three Students' contrast in the outcomes for the culprits and the reasons for Sherlock Holmes' involvement; the former ends with leniency in London while the latter ends with disciplinary action in a university town.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle' and the 'Adventure of the Three Students' differ in both the resolutions of their respective crimes and the motivations of Sherlock Holmes. In 'The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle,' the criminal feels remorse and escapes punishment because Sherlock Holmes sees the case as an opportunity to extend mercy during the holiday season, whereas in 'The Adventure of the Three Students,' the offending student is caught cheating and is reprimanded in order to protect the integrity of the academic competition he tried to undermine. Unlike the first story where Holmes engages primarily out of curiosity, in the second story, his involvement is solicited to solve a pressing problem. Additionally, 'The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle' takes place in Holmes' familiar London setting, while 'The Adventure of the Three Students' is set in a university town where Holmes is visiting.