Step-by-step explanation:
Mutations and genetic variations are fundamental processes that contribute to biological evolution. Mutations are changes that occur in the DNA sequence of an organism, and they can be caused by various factors such as environmental factors or errors during DNA replication. Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequence that exist among individuals of the same species, and it can arise through various mechanisms, including mutations.
These variations play a crucial role in biological evolution, as they can lead to differences in physical and behavioral traits among individuals. These differences can then affect an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment, which is the basis of the concept of "survival of the fittest." The individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation, while those with less advantageous traits are more likely to die out.
Over time, the accumulation of mutations and genetic variations can lead to the formation of new species, as populations become genetically distinct from one another. This process, known as biological evolution, is driven by natural selection, which favors traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction.
In summary, mutations and genetic variations are essential components of biological evolution, as they provide the raw material for natural selection to act upon. Through the process of survival of the fittest, advantageous traits are favored and become more common in a population, leading to the formation of new species over time.