Final answer:
The responsibility for establishing AMD priorities, allocating forces, and apportioning air power lies with high-level military commanders within the U.S. armed forces, under the Department of Defense and the President.
Step-by-step explanation:
Establishing AMD priorities, allocating forces, and apportioning air power are responsibilities typically assigned to high-level military commanders within the U.S. armed forces structure, working under the authority of the Department of Defense and ultimately the President of the United States. In the context of military operations, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, through the combatant commanders, set these priorities and resource allocations based on the overarching national security objectives and strategic military plans.
For instance, commanders like an Admiral or General would be in positions to establish AMD (Air and Missile Defense) priorities within their command areas. The allocation of forces and the apportionment of air power are critical decisions that influence the ability to respond to threats and conduct military operations. This can be observed historically in operations such as the control over NATO forces in Afghanistan, where military police companies engaged with the local population regarding insurgent activity, or during the command of Admiral Konde over combined forces in specific military campaigns.