Final answer:
Pseudomembranous colitis is typically treated by stopping the causative antibiotics and providing supportive care, followed by metronidazole or vancomycin if needed. Fecal transplants may also be considered for recurrent cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pseudomembranous colitis is often treated by discontinuing the inciting antibiotics and starting supportive care with electrolyte replacement and fluids to address dehydration. If Clostridium difficile is confirmed, metronidazole is typically the preferred antibiotic.
Vancomycin may be used if metronidazole is not effective or for certain patients. Additionally, a fecal transplant may be considered, especially in cases of recurrent infections.
Diagnosis can involve direct examination of fecal specimens, immunoassays, and possibly molecular tests for toxins. It is important to note that careful antibiotic use is crucial both to prevent C. difficile infection and to manage resistant infections.