Final answer:
Dehydration, hypotonic hydration, and edema are disorders of water balance. Dehydration occurs when there is a loss of water exceeding intake, hypotonic hydration happens when there is excessive water intake without adequate electrolyte intake, and edema is the accumulation of excess water in the tissues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dehydration: When the loss of water exceeds the intake, the body's water content is reduced. This means that the body is in negative water balance and the condition is known as dehydration.
Hypotonic Hydration: Hypotonic hydration, also known as water intoxication, occurs when there is an excessive intake of water without adequate electrolyte intake. This leads to a dilution of electrolytes in the body and can lead to hyponatremia.
Edema: Edema is the accumulation of excess water in the tissues. It is most commonly caused by an underlying medical condition or by the use of certain therapeutic drugs. Edema is characterized by swelling of the affected area and stretched, tight skin.