Final answer:
The Bolshevik Party aimed to transform Russia into a socialistic state through violent revolution. This faction, led by Lenin, seized power during the October Revolution of 1917 and aimed to restructure the society based on socialist principles, but eventually led Russia to authoritarianism under Stalin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party believed that violent revolution was the necessary means to transform Russia into a totally socialistic state. Founded by Vladimir Lenin, the Bolsheviks rose to prominence and power through the October Revolution of 1917 after a period marked by political chaos, war, and societal unrest. Lenin's party aimed to restructure the Russian society based on Marxist-Leninist principles, which they believed could only be achieved through a strong, centralized vanguard party leading the proletariat and managing the transition towards a socialist society.
Throughout the early 20th century, the Bolsheviks, being a highly organized and militant group, pushed for reforms to withdraw Russia from World War I and to implement socio-economic changes that promised land for peasants and collective ownership for workers. Post-revolution, they were confronted with the challenges of governing in isolation, a feudal economy, and dire economic situations prompted by the war. Despite a brief economic revival through Lenin's New Economic Policy, Russia under Bolshevik rule inevitably moved towards a more centralized, authoritarian state, culminating in the Stalinist regime after Lenin's deaths.