Final Answer:
Managers must closely supervise and control employees through mechanisms of reward and punishment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Managers must closely supervise and control: This part of the statement suggests a managerial approach involving active monitoring and regulation of employee activities.
Through reward and punishment: Specifies the methods employed by managers to achieve supervision and control, indicating the use of both positive reinforcement (reward) and negative consequences (punishment).
The statement emphasizes a management philosophy that advocates for a hands-on approach to overseeing employees. "Closely supervise and control" implies direct involvement in monitoring tasks, progress, and behavior. The use of "reward and punishment" indicates the application of a carrot-and-stick strategy, where positive behaviors are encouraged through rewards, while undesirable behaviors are deterred through punitive measures.
Managers must closely supervise and control: This management style may involve regular check-ins, performance evaluations, and active engagement with employees to ensure tasks are completed efficiently and in line with organizational objectives.
Through reward and punishment: Managers may use a combination of incentives (such as bonuses, recognition, or promotions) to reinforce positive behaviors, and consequences (such as reprimands, warnings, or disciplinary actions) to discourage negative behaviors.