Final answer:
The term for the intensified scrutiny and discrimination against Muslims post 9/11 is Islamophobia, which has led to widespread racial profiling. Despite some improvements through diversity training, policies like the Muslim ban have perpetuated fear and stereotypes. The struggle for multicultural understanding and acceptance continues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for the new racial identity that Muslims have undergone since 9/11, transforming from being relatively unnoticed to being singled out for increased discrimination, is often referred to as Islamophobia. This phenomenon has become particularly pronounced in areas such as air travel where individuals are subject to special searches or detainment simply for appearing young and Arab-looking. The racial profiling and discrimination that Arab Americans, and by extension Muslim Americans, face are manifestations of the widespread fear and misunderstanding that spread in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks.
The policies and public sentiment that developed post 9/11 have affected not just those who practice Islam but also those who are perceived to be Muslim, such as Sikhs, due to their appearance or ethnic background. This discrimination is a clear deviation from the values enshrined in the Civil Rights Act, which aims to protect individuals from discrimination on the basis of religion among other factors. Interestingly, there was a brief period where public opinion about Muslims became more favorable immediately after the 9/11 attacks, potentially influenced by President Bush's appeal to not equate the attacks with Muslims in general.
However, initiatives like diversity training and heightened sensitivity to ethnic and minority identities indicate some progress toward multiculturalism and a nuanced understanding of diverse groups. Yet, backlash, as seen with the Muslim ban by former President Trump, highlights the persistent struggles and prejudices that communities face. Ultimately, these groups continue to advocate for their rights and for a society where their identity is not associated with fear or threat.