Final answer:
The process of incorporating a 'jumping gene' into an organism's genome via recombinant DNA technology is called transposon mutagenesis. This method falls under genetic engineering, in which new genes are inserted into organisms to create GMOs or transgenic species, with wide applications across various fields including agriculture and medicine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of incorporating a jumping gene into the genome of an organism is known as transposon mutagenesis. This technique is a part of recombinant DNA technology, where a gene or piece of DNA is placed into a vector that carries it into a host cell. In the context of genetic engineering, it is the recombinant DNA that is inserted into the host, often by transformation or transfection, to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or transgenic species.
Biotechnology leverages advancements in recombinant DNA technology to introduce new genes and achieve desirable traits across different organisms. The use of vectors and the subsequent replication of recombinant DNA in host organisms is the cornerstone of creating GMOs, which have applications in medicine, agriculture, and industrial processes. Selection processes like blue-white screening or antibiotic resistance help in identifying successful recombinant DNA incorporation.
The science behind genetic engineering has revolutionized modern biology and continues to grow as researchers develop more sophisticated methods of DNA manipulation. By introducing foreign DNA through molecular cloning, organisms are equipped with new genetic information, leading to improved crops or medical treatments that were previously unattainable.