Final answer:
The purpose of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is to prevent network loops and ensure network stability by identifying redundant paths and blocking some of them. STP works by electing a root bridge, determining the shortest path, and recalculating if a path fails. STP prevents issues like broadcast storms and network congestion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) in a switched LAN is to prevent network loops and ensure the stability of the network. STP achieves this by identifying redundant paths in the network and blocking some of them to create a loop-free topology.
STP works by electing a root bridge, which acts as the central point of the network. Each switch in the LAN then determines the shortest path to the root bridge and blocks the other paths. If a path fails or becomes unavailable, STP automatically recalculates and enables an alternative path to maintain network connectivity.
For example, imagine a LAN with multiple switches connected to each other in a ring topology. Without STP, broadcast storms and loops could occur, causing network congestion and packet loss. STP prevents these issues by selectively disabling redundant links, allowing efficient and reliable traffic flow.