Final answer:
Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. Sex is determined by biological differences such as reproductive organs and chromosomes. While sex categories are fairly universal, gender norms can vary greatly across different cultures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Our sex refers to the reproductive biological and anatomical parts we have, such as chromosomes and genitals. Gender refers to how we identify and the social constructs related to the behaviors of masculinity and femininity that people adopt.
Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, including both primary sex characteristics (the reproductive system) and secondary characteristics such as height and muscularity.
While sex is based on biology, gender was developed by social scientists to refer to cultural roles based on these biological categories. The cultural roles of gender assign certain behaviors, relationships, responsibilities, and rights differently to people of different genders.
As elements of culture, gender categories are learned rather than inherited or inborn, making childhood an important time for gender enculturation. As opposed to the seeming universality of sex categories, the specific content of gender categories is highly variable across cultures and subject to change over time.