Final answer:
Mass is measured using scales as the amount of matter in an object and is expressed in units like kilograms. Mass remains constant regardless of gravity changes, while weight varies with gravity. Mass and weight are distinctly different: mass is a measure of matter, while weight is a force affected by gravity.
Step-by-step explanation:
To address the student's question on mass, let's break down the concepts:
- Measuring mass involves determining the total amount of matter in an object. This is typically done using a balance or scale.
- Mass is expressed in units such as kilograms or grams in the metric system, and slugs or pounds-mass in the English system.
- When gravity increases, the weight of an object increases, but the mass remains constant because it is a measure of the quantity of matter, which does not change.
- Determining mass can be conducted by measuring the resistance to acceleration (inertia) or comparing it to a standard mass on a balance scale.
Overall, mass is a fundamental property that is independent of location and gravitational forces, making it constant whether an object is on Earth, the Moon, or in space. However, weight is a force that varies with gravity.
Remember that in science, mass and weight are different concepts: mass is a measure of matter, while weight is the gravitational force acting on that matter. This is exemplified by scales that measure gravitational force but are often calibrated to indicate mass.