Final answer:
Separation in wheat milling is the process of separating the endosperm from the bran and germ through physical or chemical methods such as filtration, distillation, or advanced techniques like chromatography.
Step-by-step explanation:
The separation process in wheat milling refers to the methods used to divide the different components of wheat after harvest to produce flour. This can occur through physical or chemical means and is critical for isolating the endosperm, the part of the wheat kernel that is ground into flour, from the bran and germ. Physical methods of separation include filtration, distillation, and crystallization. Filtration might be used to remove particles from a liquid, as in separating sand from water. Distillation separates substances based on their volatilities, typically in liquid mixtures. In the context of wheat milling, the separation might also include mechanical processes to segregate the wheat grains based on size and weight before further milling and refining. In a broader chemical scope, separation techniques such as extraction could be employed to move a desired chemical product from one liquid phase into another where it has greater solubility. The process of extraction can be demonstrated in a laboratory using a separatory funnel, where after mixing two immiscible liquids, the layers are allowed to separate and the denser liquid is drained off. Moreover, modern milling processes may employ advanced methods like chromatography to segregate and refine certain constituents in a mixture based on their distinct chemical properties. This technique can differentiate components based on their ability to adhere to a solid phase or dissolve in a moving liquid phase.