Question

What are the two consequences of methylation of promoters? Explain using Rett syndrome as an example.

Answer 1

Methylation of promoters can suppress gene transcription and lead to gene silencing. Rett syndrome is an example of a disorder caused by mutations and methylation of the MECP2 gene, resulting in decreased gene expression and abnormal brain development.

Step-by-step explanation:

Methylation of promoters can have two consequences: 1) It can suppress transcription of genes, preventing them from being expressed. 2) It can lead to gene silencing, where the methylated genes are permanently turned off. A specific example of these consequences can be seen in Rett syndrome. Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene MECP2. The MECP2 gene encodes a protein that binds methylated DNA and helps regulate gene expression. In Rett syndrome, the MECP2 gene is often mutated or methylated, leading to decreased gene expression and abnormal brain development.