Final answer:
Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, are vital for storing genetic information and synthesizing proteins, playing critical roles in inheritance and cell function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nucleic acids are organic compounds that play a vital role in our cells by storing genetic information or synthesizing proteins. These acids, such as DNA and RNA, consist of long chains of nucleotides, each made up of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, carries the genetic blueprint of the cell and is essential for inheritance. RNA, or ribonucleic acid, plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and the regulation of gene expression.