Final answer:
In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus is a previously neutral stimulus that, after being repeatedly associated with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response. The tone in Pavlov's experiment became the conditioned stimulus when it started to cause salivation in dogs.
Step-by-step explanation:
In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (CS) is the previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), eventually triggers a conditioned response (CR). For example, in Pavlov's experiments, the tone that was paired with meat powder became the conditioned stimulus when it started to elicit salivation in dogs, which was originally the natural response solely to the meat powder (the unconditioned stimulus). Therefore, in the scenario involving Max and Jim, which closely parallels Pavlov's famous work, the conditioned stimulus would be an element in their environment that was neutral at first but, through repeated pairing with the unconditioned stimulus, now elicits a specific response.