Question

DNA repair mechanisms have likely evolved because Blank______.

Multiple choice question.
A. DNA polymerase makes a lot of errors
B. some cells have to deal with the effects of mutagens while others do not
C. there is no way for cells to avoid exposure to mutagens

Answer 1

DNA repair mechanisms have evolved because cells must maintain genetic integrity to survive. These mechanisms correct errors in DNA replication to prevent mutations that can cause serious consequences like cancer. Evolution also depends on the balance between DNA damage and the efficiency of DNA repair systems.

Step-by-step explanation:

DNA repair mechanisms have likely evolved because cells need to maintain genetic fidelity to survive and replicate. Despite DNA replication being a highly accurate process, errors can occur when DNA polymerase inserts the wrong base. While DNA polymerases have proofreading abilities, additional repair mechanisms are essential to correct mismatched base pairs and other types of damaged DNA. The occurrence of DNA damage is random, and the success of repair is also variable. When repair is unsuccessful, mutations persist, which can have detrimental effects like cancer. However, the correction of DNA errors is crucial for preventing such adverse consequences, and the variability in DNA repair outcomes is a driving force for evolution.