Final answer:
Endemic diseases are consistently present at low levels in a particular geographic area, unlike epidemics, which signify large-scale outbreaks. Epidemiology is the study of these diseases and their patterns within human populations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diseases that are limited, restricted to a specific area, isolated, and contained are known as endemic diseases. These are constantly present, often at a low level, in a population within a particular geographic region. An example of this is malaria, which is endemic to certain regions of Brazil but not endemic to the United States. Infectious diseases, also known as communicable diseases, can spread from person to person or from animals to people and lead to outbreaks called epidemics when they affect a large number of individuals in a population. In contrast, endemic diseases occur at consistent rates within a population. Epidemiology is the science that studies these diseases and their occurrence in human populations.