Final answer:
The term for residual rock that has not experienced erosion is 'bedrock.' This solid rock layer underlies soil and loose surface material and remains unmoved by erosive processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Residual rock that has not experienced erosion is termed bedrock. Bedrock refers to the solid rock that lies beneath the soil and any loose surface material. Unlike other options such as talus and basalt, which can either be accumulations of debris or types of rocks respectively, bedrock remains in place and is not transported or reformed by erosive processes. It's the fundamental anchoring point from which soil profiles and ecosystems develop. In geologic terms, bedrock represents the stability in an otherwise changing environment due to geological and erosion processes.