Final answer:
In third-party negotiations, the neutral party who facilitates a negotiated solution through reasoning, persuasion, and suggestions is known as a mediator. This role is crucial for helping parties reach a consensus without imposing a decision and differs from that of arbitrators or conciliators.
Step-by-step explanation:
In third-party negotiations, when an internal resolution is not sufficient, a neutral third party may be needed to facilitate a resolution. This person is known as a mediator. They play a critical role by using reasoning, persuasion, and suggestions to help the parties involved reach a negotiated solution. The mediator does not impose a decision, but rather assists in the process of reaching a consensus through dialogue and negotiation. This is distinct from an arbitrator, who has the authority to make a binding decision, and a conciliator, who may have a more passive role in simply improving communication or establishing conditions for negotiation. A consultant typically provides expertise or advice rather than facilitating negotiations.
In political realms and when crafting government bureaucratic oversight, such as in negotiated rulemaking, parties may employ different strategies including bargaining, persuasion, and sometimes stronger tactics if they hold the power to do so. In these scenarios, mediators can still serve as useful neutral parties to ensure the process remains focused on seeking a mutual agreement.