Final answer:
The program that provides direct federal monies for the health care of citizens 65 years and older or disabled is Medicare, created in 1965. It offers coverage for hospital stays and medical insurance for seniors and the disabled, while Medicaid offers coverage to the poor and disabled.
Step-by-step explanation:
The program that provided direct federal monies for the health care of all citizens 65 years and older (or disabled), regardless of socioeconomic status, is Medicare. Established during the Johnson administration through the Social Security Act of 1965, Medicare was created to address the medical needs of the elderly, which were then a particularly vulnerable segment of the population. Prior to its creation, less than half of Americans over 65 had medical insurance. Medicare now provides coverage for hospital stays (Plan A) and medical insurance similar to an employer's plan (Plan B).
In contrast, Medicaid, another program created in 1965, provides health care to approximately fifty million poor and disabled Americans, with more than a third of its beneficiaries being over the age of 65. This program is funded through a combination of federal and state monies.
Social Security is a separate program focused on providing financial support to retirees and does not specifically provide healthcare benefits. The Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted much later, sought to expand healthcare coverage but is not specifically dedicated to those over 65.