Final answer:
The term that describes the $4 wage disparity between white restaurant workers and restaurant workers of color is earnings gap. It refers to the difference in average wages earned by different groups of workers. The earnings gap between men and women has declined since the 1980s, but the earnings gap between blacks and whites has remained unchanged for 50 years.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes the $4 wage disparity between white restaurant workers and restaurant workers of color is earnings gap. It refers to the difference in average wages earned by different groups of workers, such as men and women or white and non-white workers.
According to research by economists Francine Blau and Laurence Kahn, the earnings gap between men and women has declined since the 1980s, but the earnings gap between blacks and whites has not changed much in 50 years. The remaining racial gap is likely due to continuing differences in education levels and discrimination.
It is important to address and work towards reducing these wage disparities to ensure fair and equal opportunities for all workers, regardless of their race or gender.