Final answer:
The provided material does not specify the percentage of waiters discriminating against Black customers, instead it discusses historical and ongoing racial discrimination in the labor market and other sectors, such as housing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The original question about the percentage of waiters who admitted to discriminating against black customers is not directly answered in the reference material provided. However, the provided references do indicate a history of labor market discrimination toward Black individuals, including blatant practices prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that legally allowed employers to refuse hiring based on race.
Studies have suggested that such discriminatory practices have narrowed somewhat in the years following the Civil Rights Act, with the earnings gap decreasing, as evidenced by the ratio of total earnings of Black male workers to White male workers increasing from 62% in 1964 to 75.3% in 2013. Lastly, recent studies, such as one by the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) department, highlighted ongoing racial discrimination, such as Black homebuyers being shown 18 percent fewer homes compared to White homebuyers.