Final answer:
Glycine is the neurotransmitter synthesized primarily from serine with many receptors in the spinal cord and studied for its potential in reducing negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurotransmitter in question, which has a high number of receptors in the spinal cord, is primarily synthesized from serine, and has been studied for its role in reducing negative symptoms in schizophrenia, is glycine. Glycine, along with glutamate and GABA, is part of a group of neurotransmitters known as amino acids. It is considered an inhibitory neurotransmitter and its receptors cause hyperpolarization. Both glutamate and GABA are also amino acid neurotransmitters, with glutamate mostly having an excitatory effect, while GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS).
These neurotransmitters are eliminated from the synapse primarily through reuptake mechanisms. For glycine, this process involves being cleared from the synaptic cleft, recycled, and repackaged into vesicles for release. The significance of research into glycine's role in schizophrenia is due to its potential to modulate the glutamatergic system and possibly alleviate some of the negative symptoms associated with the disorder.