Final answer:
Samuel Johnson was offended by Lord Chesterfield's lack of meaningful support during the compilation of his Dictionary of the English Language, as well as by Chesterfield's insincere attempt to associate himself with the work once it proved successful.
Step-by-step explanation:
The query concerning what offended Johnson during his visit to Lord Chesterfield is presumed to reference the historical relationship between Dr. Samuel Johnson, the lexicographer, and Philip Dormer Stanhope, the 4th Earl of Chesterfield. However, the information provided does not clarify this issue, rather it includes various unrelated textual excerpts. To set the context, Dr. Samuel Johnson was offended by Lord Chesterfield due to the latter's perceived lack of support during Johnson's arduous task of compiling his Dictionary of the English Language. Despite initially courting Johnson's favor, Chesterfield withdrew his patronage and only showed interest again once the work was near completion. This opportunist approach to patronage was met with scorn by Johnson, who felt slighted by Chesterfield's initial indifference and subsequent self-serving support.