Final answer:
The ecological interaction where one species benefits and the other is harmed, but not typically killed, is called parasitism.
Step-by-step explanation:
An ecological interaction in which one species benefits, while the other is harmed but usually not killed, is called parasitism. This type of symbiotic relationship is characterized by one species, the parasite, benefiting from the interaction, while the other species, known as the host, suffers harm.
Parasites may include organisms such as ticks, fleas, or tapeworms, which live on or inside another organism and derive their nutrients at the host's expense. Unlike predatory relationships, parasites typically do not kill their hosts as this would not be beneficial for the parasite's survival