Final answer:
During stage two of the DMT, industrialization and urbanization lead to improved living conditions and reduced death rates. This creates a higher birth rate and population growth. Stage two occurred from 1800 to 1950 in Europe and the United States.
Step-by-step explanation:
During stage two of the Demographic Transition Model (DMT), the frequency of Industrialization and urbanization accelerates, leading to improvements in nutrition, sanitation, and medicine. This results in a significant reduction in the death rate. As a consequence of increased life expectancy, women tend to bear more children, which contributes to a high growth rate.
Stage two occurred approximately between 1800 and 1950 in Europe and the United States. It is characterized by a high birth rate, a rapid fall in the death rate, an increasing number of people reaching middle age, and a slightly longer life expectancy.