Final answer:
The 'self-conscience' man refers to an individual who is self-aware and guided by an internal moral compass or conscience. This concept connects with various philosophical and spiritual views on the essence of the self, including the soul in Western traditions and the notions of 'atman' and 'anatman' in Eastern philosophies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'self-conscience' man, also known as a self-conscious individual, refers to a being that possesses awareness of oneself and the ability to reflect on one's own existence and moral standing. This concept encompasses the idea of a conscience, which acts as a supreme judge and monitor based on habitual convictions guided by reason. It also touches upon various philosophical and spiritual views, including the Judeo-Christian belief in the soul as the true self, and Hindu and Buddhist concepts of the 'atman' and 'anatman'.
In Western philosophical thought, the self is often associated with the soul. This soul is considered to provide permanence, is not replaced by basic materials, and according to the Judeo-Christian tradition, continues into the afterlife. Other philosophical discussions by existentialist thinkers such as Nietzsche emphasize that human beings are free and must make choices, indicating the self as an entity of free will and constant evolution.
Conscience, identity, and the essence of what constitutes the self, varies across philosophical traditions. Yet, a common theme is the intrinsic human ability to be self-reflective and to make moral judgments, which is fundamental to the notion of a self-conscience being.