Final answer:
The doctrine asserting one group's "biological" superiority over another is linked to pseudoscientific beliefs like eugenics and racist ideologies such as racism and colorism, which have been debunked by the social construction of race.
Step-by-step explanation:
A doctrine by which one group asserts its "biological" superiority over another is often rooted in ideologies such as eugenics, racism, or colorism. Eugenics is a pseudoscientific belief that human evolution can be improved by preventing certain people from reproducing. This is based on the assumption that some traits, often linked to race, are inherently superior or inferior. Racism and colorism involve prejudice and discrimination based on a person's race or skin tone, which can manifest in beliefs that one racial category or shade of skin tone is superior to another.
These beliefs are connected to the social construction of race, which argues that race is not biologically identifiable, and to various forms of prejudice that are embedded within cultures and societies. Institutional racism is an example of how such prejudice can be ingrained in social institutions. The historical Social Darwinism also contributed to these attitudes by suggesting that social hierarchy and power were due to "superior" biological traits, an idea that has since been discredited.