Final answer:
Ethnographic fieldwork is cultural anthropology's primary research strategy where anthropologists live with and observe a community to understand and document their culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary research strategy in cultural anthropology that involves living and interacting with a community of people over an extended period of time is known as ethnographic fieldwork. Cultural anthropologists live among the community they are studying and partake in local activities, adopting the ways of living, eating, dressing, and speaking to gather data through systematic observation and participation. The purpose of this immersive method is to comprehend the beliefs, practices, and social structures of the culture from an insider's perspective and to accurately document and analyze the findings, often resulting in the production of an ethnography. This methodology provides a deep understanding of the culture and helps explain the knowledge people use to live their lives and the ways in which they do so.