Final answer:
The origins of modern humans are graphically represented by the "Out of Africa" and "Multiregional evolution" models, typically illustrated through phylogenetic trees, fossil comparisons, and migration routes. These representations show the development and dispersal of hominids, with the "Out of Africa" model suggesting a single origin and subsequent spread, while the "Multiregional" model supports parallel evolution from Homo erectus in different regions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the graphical representations of the hypotheses concerning the origins of modern humans. The two predominant models explaining these origins are the "Out of Africa" model and the "Multiregional evolution model". In graphical representations, these stories unfold through phylogenetic trees, fossil comparisons, and migration route maps.
The "Out of Africa" model is illustrated by diagrams showing a single origin of modern humans in Africa, with subsequent widespread dispersal and replacement of other hominid species. This idea is supported by both fossil and genetic evidence. In contrast, the "Multiregional evolution model" would be depicted by regional branches on phylogenetic trees, indicating parallel evolution of Homo sapiens from Homo erectus in multiple regions.
Artistic renditions and skeletal comparisons provide visual insights into the physical evolution of hominids, showing changes in skull shape and size over time. Simultaneously, these representations often emphasize the similarities between extinct species and Homo sapiens. Phylogenetic trees, like Figure 5.13 referenced, can map out relationships and migrations between species like Homo heidelbergensis, Denisovans, and Neanderthals compared to modern humans.