Final answer:
During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide, resulting in full-fledged chromosomes that migrate to opposite poles of the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anaphase: During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide. The sister chromatids are pulled apart by the shortening of the spindle fibers. One sister chromatid moves to one pole of the cell, and the other sister chromatid moves to the opposite pole. At the end of anaphase, each pole of the cell has a complete set of chromosomes.