Final answer:
Couvade syndrome is the term for when a father-to-be experiences pain and exhaustion during the mother's childbirth, reflecting a sympathetic pregnancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a father-to-be experiences pain and exhaustion while the mother gives birth, anthropologists refer to the phenomenon as couvade syndrome or sympathetic pregnancy. This condition involves the father experiencing some of the same symptoms and behavior as an expectant mother, such as weight gain, altered hormone levels, morning sickness, and sleeplessness. It is not just a social response; there are physical and psychological changes that occur, possibly due to empathy and the stress of the impending parenthood.