Final answer:
The 'One Child Policy' in China is an example of an adaptive custom is false. It was a government-imposed policy that restricted urban families to one child to control population growth, with certain exceptions based on location and gender, and it led to significant societal impacts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'One Child Policy' in China being an example of an adaptive custom is false. The policy was a government-imposed restriction designed to control the population size due to concerns about environmental, economic, and social issues arising from the rapid growth. Enacted in 1979 and relaxed in 2015, the policy strictly limited most urban families to one child – often enforced through incentives and penalties. However, rural families, ethnic minorities, and those whose first child was a girl were sometimes allowed additional children. The policy led to unintended consequences, such as a gender imbalance due to a cultural preference for male children and reported instances of female infanticide and sex-selective abortions.
Despite its challenges, the one-child policy was supported by a significant portion of China's population and was effective in slowing population growth. It is important to note that such a policy could only be implemented in a strong authoritarian regime and would likely not be accepted in countries with a higher emphasis on individual freedoms. The policy's impact on Chinese society, both positive and negative, remains a subject of study and debate.