Final answer:
In Nisa, social cohesion is achieved through group solidarity or asabiyyah, exemplified by the Berbers, as well as organic solidarity and strong communication between community leaders and the community-at-large.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Nisa, mechanisms of social cohesion include group solidarity or asabiyyah, exemplified by the Berbers in their ability to survive in the desert by staying united and helping each other. This solidarity provided them with the ability to govern, known as mulk, and made them successful conquerors. However, as rulers became wealthy and indulged in luxuries, the cohesion would dissipate and they would rely on mercenaries and bureaucrats. Ultimately, the state would be vulnerable to takeover by others.
Another mechanism of social cohesion is organic solidarity, which arises from the mutual interdependence created by specialization of work. Strong communication and social ties between community leaders and the community-at-large are also prerequisites for community-wide consensus-building for change.