Final answer:
Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species" in 1859 after presenting his natural selection theory with Alfred Wallace in 1858. The book's ideas were developed from observations made during his voyage on the HMS Beagle.
Step-by-step explanation:
Darwin's publication of "Origin of Species" was in the year 1859. This publication by Charles Darwin outlined his theory of evolution by natural selection, a groundbreaking concept in biology and the scientific understanding of species development. Darwin and his contemporary, Alfred Wallace, presented papers on natural selection before the Linnean Society in 1858, which was a precursor to the publication of Darwin's significant work the following year.
Moreover, Darwin's studies were influenced by his observations made during the voyage of the HMS Beagle, where he collected evidence that supported his theory over a span of more than 20 years. Notably, his experiences in South America and the Galapagos Islands played a critical role in shaping his ideas about how species adapt and evolve over time.